BIO 201: Botany – Fall 2011

REVIEW FOR EXAM 6

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

What is the general equation for photosynthesis?

List and contrast the different quanta of light.

What are the three possible fates of a photon of light as it gets to a leaf?

Name and describe the different leaf pigments?

What is a pigment complex?

In one sentence, what happens in the light requiring phase of photosynthesis?

Explain the process by which light energy can be converted into chemical bond energy.

In general, what is photophosphorylation?

Distinguish between cyclic and noncyclic photophosphorylation.

What type of energy is produced in noncyclic photophosphorylation?;
    … in cyclic photophosphorylation?

In one sentence, what happens in the nonlight requiring phase of photosynthesis?

Describe the first reaction of the Calvin Cycle that results in the fixing of CO2 into an organic molecule.

What commonly happens to the Calvin Cycle when there is a high O2 concentration?

What is the Hatch-Slack Pathway?

Why are C3 and C4 plants named thusly?

What is Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM)?

Distinguish C3, C4 and CAM plants physiologically, anatomically, & ecologically.

FOODS, SPICES AND DRINKS

Describe the correlation between the origin of civilization and the beginning of agriculture.

What are the three (3) most important food plants to humans?
    * What plant family is it in?
    * Where were they first cultivated?
    * Where are these plants now grown?
    * What parts of the plant are eaten?
    * Any processing of the plant needed?

Also, describe the below for: white potato, sweet potato, cassava, sugar beets, sugar cane, common bean, soybean, barley, sorghum, coconut, banana
    * Where are they grown now?
    * How are these plants of value to humans as a food?
    * What parts of the plant are eaten?

What four nutritional categories of plants are of importance in foods?
     Give examples of each.

Describe the history of the following spices, including their origin and introduction to Europe and the part of the plant eaten: 
     nutmeg, ginger, black pepper, vanilla

What four major plants (with caffeine) are used in drink production?
    * Where did each plant have its origin?
    * Describe the early uses of each plant.